The objectives of this study were to identify the prevalence of and the sources of contamination with Salmonella typhimurium in bulk tank milk (BTM) samples and to assess the use of PCR technique as rapid confirmatory test. The present study was carried on BTM and farm environmental samples collected from 5 dairy farms in Egypt. The samples were
examined for the incidence of Salmonella species using conventional isolation method and the identification of Salmonella typhimurium by serological and PCR techniques. The detection method based on PCR amplification of the invA gene and Mdh gene revealed that the incidence of Salmonella spp and Salmonella typhimurium were 9.33%, 12%, 24%, 0%, 12%, 24% & 0% and 4%, 3.2%, 6%, 0%, 2.8%, 6% & 0% in BTM, feces, bedding, water troughs, teat skin, milking equipment and hand swabs, respectively. Salmonella spp and Salmonella typhimurium were isolated from 2 out of 5 farms investigated.