Subclinical mastitis in ewes is primarily of bacterial origin due to contagious or environmental pathogens. The prevalence rate of subclinical mastitis is influenced  environmental factors such as feeding, management, bedding, and by housing. 104 ewes' milk samples in all were gathered from two groups: Group I ewes reared in a governmental farm under good hygienic conditions and proper feeding, and Group II, ewes reared in small private flocks that suffer from poor hygienic measures and inadequate feeding (52 samples each). The California Mastitis Test (CMT) showed that 71.5% and 80% of samples were CMT positive both in GroupI and Group II., indicating a noteworthy rise (P < 0.05) in Group II in contrast to Group I. After being isolated, E.coli was biochemically identified,  using milk samples from 22 of 104 ewes, with a total incidence a total incidence of (21.2%) testing positive for E. coli as 8 samples (15.38%) and14 samples (26.9%) in group ǀ and group ǁ respectively. The antimicrobial resistance profile of the tested E. coli strains revealed a high Multiple Antibiotic Resistance (MAR) index of 0.56. Uniplex PCR analysis of random ten E. coli strains indicated that every one of the Ten isolated tested that every one of the ten isolated tested  100% positive for E.coli phoA gene.
Additionally, only two E. coli isolates (20% each) had the virulence genes Stx1 and Stx2 and four out of ten isolates (40%) were found to be Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC).