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Mycobiota Natural Occurrence of Aflatoxin in Some Egyptian Spices and Bio-Control by Essential Oils

Article

Last updated: 09 Mar 2025

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Abstract

This survey has been carried out to determine, identify, and isolate fungi by standard blotter method (SBM), especially Aflatoxin-producing fungi; Aspergillus species that produce Aflatoxin B1, B2, G1, and G2 that are secondary metabolites, carcinogenic, and poisonous to humans and animals, from a total of 91 Egyptian spice samples (ginger, nutmeg, red chilli, and paprika) in Dakahlia markets and 11 hospital and medical centers in Mansoura. From all genera estimated, the genus Aspergillus had the highest frequency and prevalence, accounting for 291 of the total number of instances involving the isolation of fungi. Then Pencillium genus ranked second, accounting for 55, and Fusarium genus, accounting for 47. Also, 71 Aspergillus flavus group isolates were screened, and the aflatoxin concentrations of them were quantitatively calculated using HPLC. Moreover, isolates were determined to possess toxigenic properties, with their capacity to manufacture aflatoxins ranging from 15 to 521 ng/ml of culture filtrate. Molecular identification by ITS barcoding of the DNA of the studied strain was submitted to NCBI GenBank. The sequence length for the selected Aspergillus fungus was 457 bp, and the GC content was 58.2%. The inhibitory effect using ten essential oils with different concentrations was as follows: the most effective essential oils were clove oil, cinnamon oil and mint oil  by inhibition ratio at 100% at 0.8% concentration for all of them. 

DOI

10.21608/jppp.2025.352794.1302

Keywords

Aflatoxin, Spices, ITS, Essential oils

Authors

First Name

Basma

Last Name

El Geoshi

MiddleName

F.

Affiliation

Mansoura Medical Research Center (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University.

Email

drbasma.2010ss@gmail.com

City

Mansoura

Orcid

-

First Name

M.

Last Name

El Metwally

MiddleName

A.

Affiliation

Mycological Research Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, ARC, Giza.

Email

-

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Magda

Last Name

Soliman

MiddleName

I.

Affiliation

Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University.

Email

drmagdaisoliman@yahoo.com

City

-

Orcid

-

Volume

16

Article Issue

2

Related Issue

53819

Issue Date

2025-02-01

Receive Date

2025-02-15

Publish Date

2025-02-01

Page Start

31

Page End

44

Print ISSN

2090-3677

Online ISSN

2090-3758

Link

https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_411829.html

Detail API

http://journals.ekb.eg?_action=service&article_code=411829

Order

1

Type

Original Article

Type Code

888

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology

Publication Link

https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

Mycobiota Natural Occurrence of Aflatoxin in Some Egyptian Spices and Bio-Control by Essential Oils

Details

Type

Article

Created At

09 Mar 2025