Abstract
Halophytes are plants that have significant economic importance with, the potential for use in therapeutic medicine and environmental restoration. This study compiles a comparison of the chemical composition of ethanol extracts from aquatic and terrestrial halophyte plants (Halophila stipulacea, Halodule uninervis, and Thalassodendron ciliatum Spergularia marina, Suaeda aegyptiaca and Arthrocnemum fruticosum) using gas chromatography –Mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis also demonstrated antimicrobial properties. GC-MS analysis is the first step in identifying the nature of the active compound synthesis plants. In comparison, total phenolics, flavonoids, and alkaloids (mg/g) contents are higher in H. stipulacea than in other species, with a quantity of 17.02, 28.17, and 12.79 mg/g, respectively. 132 compounds were confirmed by GC/MS qualitatively and quantitatively in all plants. The major compounds of these six halophytic plants extract (n-Hexadecanoic acid 19.83%, 6-Octadecenoic acid 26.72, 28.01%, Phytol 14.85%, 13.32%, and Tridecane 2 phenyl 11.06%) Rhodopin and 2,6-dimethyl-N-(2-methyl-à-phenylbenzyl) aniline are found only in S. aegyptiaca, as is benzedrex, which is found only in H. stipulacea. The halophyte extracts were subjected to antimicrobial assays by using the agar diffusion method against four species of fungi, three species of Gram-positive bacteria, and three species of Gram-negative bacteria. H. uninervis and S. aegyptiaca showed the highest inhibition zones against fungi, G+ve bacteria, and G-ve bacteria (9, 9, 11, 12, and 12 mm), respectively. Our study points out that these plants are promising sources of natural compounds with antimicrobial properties that could be suitable for future applications.