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On the Derivative Backoff Problem in PID Controllers

Article

Last updated: 28 Dec 2024

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Subjects

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Tags

Computer Engineering

Abstract

 The Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) is by far the most common
controller in process industries. In practice, a problem with PID controllers may
arise when the controlled process variable (PV) saturates. At this point, the error,
i.e., the difference between the set point (SP) and PV becomes constant, and so the
derivative control action becomes zero or backs off. This leads to a sudden increase
in the total controller output and as a result the process variable moves above its
limit showing larger overshoot and settling time. To solve this problem, it is
proposed to modify the PID controller action when the PV saturates. The
modification is simply to multiply the derivative part by a suitable gain, transfer it
to the integral part, and then the derivative part is set to zero. When the process
output later becomes unsaturated, the derivative action is activated again. This
technique is shown to reduce the overshoot, settling time, integral of absolute error
(IAE), and works well in the presence of measurement noise. Although the optimal
value of the gain depends on the size of disturbance which is not usually known, a
fixed value of 2 is shown to be reasonable for most levels of disturbance.

DOI

10.21608/msaeng.2023.291929

Keywords

PID control, derivative backoff, process variable saturation

Authors

First Name

Ahmed

Last Name

Alenany

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Computer Systems Engineering, MSA University, October 6, Giza, Egypt

Email

alenany102@hotmail.com

City

-

Orcid

0000-0003-2880-4556

Volume

2

Article Issue

2

Related Issue

40382

Issue Date

2023-03-01

Receive Date

2023-03-23

Publish Date

2023-03-01

Page Start

1,062

Page End

1,071

Print ISSN

2812-5339

Online ISSN

2812-4928

Article File

MSAENG_Volume 2_Issue 2_Pages 1062-1071.pdf

PDF . 725.1kB

Link

https://msaeng.journals.ekb.eg/article_291929.html

Detail API

https://msaeng.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=291929

Order

291,929

Type

Original Article

Type Code

2,183

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

MSA Engineering Journal

Publication Link

https://msaeng.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

On the Derivative Backoff Problem in PID Controllers

Details

Type

Article

Created At

28 Dec 2024