This research will shed light on the compositional characterization of red bricks and pottery water pipes used in the tanks of a Coptic water wheel. This water wheel was built on the ruins of Ptolemy XII temple Sheikh Hamad, Athribis, Sohag, Egypt. Representative samples were analyzed using USB digital microscope, Polarizing Light Microscope (PLM), Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray analyses (EDX). The physicochemical study of these samples indicates that the red bricks and pottery water pipes consist of orthoclase, mullite, quartz, spinel, diopside, hematite and halite. That mineralogical composition reflects the well burning temperature of the studied red bricks. While the detection of calcite and some organic residues of chopped straw in the pottery pipes revealed that they were burnt under low temperature when they were compared with the red brick samples. The chemical composition results of all samples confirms that Nile clay is the resource of clay raw materials used for the manufacturing of the studied red bricks and pottery water pipes.