According to Egypt's Vision 2030 that focuses on the three dimensions of sustainable development: (the economic dimension, the social dimension, and the environmental dimension) in the context of preserving the rights of future generations. Therefore, it is necessary for organizations to integrate social and environmental issues into their strategies. Based on the Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) theory, this study aimed to identify the mediating role of employees' environmental empathy in the relationship between HRM Social Responsibility and environmental citizenship behaviors. A questionnaire was used to collect primary data. The sample size was 327 employees of industrial companies in New Damietta City. The results showed that HRM Social Responsibility has a significant positive effect on employees' environmental citizenship behaviors, and employees' environmental empathy that partially mediates this relationship. These results contribute to expanding the scope of the research on the factors influencing employees' environmental behavioral intentions and provide important insights into how HRM Social Responsibility affects employees' environmental citizenship behaviors. Finally, the results were discussed, and theoretical and practical contributions were proposed, along with future research directions