The main objective of the research is the statistical estimate of the functions of potato production and costs in Qalyubia Governorate, in order to find out the factors that most affect the productivity of farm capacities separately. The study relied on published and unpublished secondary statistical data in the directorates of agriculture and the statistical records of the Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation. The study also relied on primary data collected from farmers in Qalyubia Governorate. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, the two methods of descriptive and quantitative analysis were used, as some simple statistical analysis methods were used, represented in arithmetic averages and percentages, and production and cost functions were worked out to achieve the objectives of the study. The significant effect on the total acre yield of the potato crop is represented by the amount of seeds, human labor and phosphate fertilizers. It was also found that the value of the economic efficiency index for each of the amount of seeds and phosphate fertilizers is greater than the correct one, which indicates a high level of economic efficiency.