Recognized as a cornerstone of the long-term energy market, green hydrogen serves as a versatile energy carrier, storage medium, and fuel across various sectors. Despite substantial progress, challenges persist in scaling up green hydrogen applications due to factors such as production costs and efficiency. The paper examines different green hydrogen technologies, comparing their advantages and limitations, with water electrolysis emerging as the most promising method for large-scale hydrogen generation.
The concept of a "hydrogen economy" envisions hydrogen as a fundamental component of the energy landscape, offering energy security and environmental benefits.
The paper proposes a phased approach for integrating green hydrogen into key sectors such as industry, transportation, buildings, and power generation. It emphasizes the pivotal role of green hydrogen in realizing a renewable energy society and outlines its potential contributions across various domains. However, challenges persist in standardizing the definition of "green hydrogen" complicating international trade and policy formulation. While consensus exists on hydrogen production from renewable sources, harmonizing the definition remains elusive, necessitating concerted efforts in standardization and policy coherence, addressing technical, economic, and policy challenges is imperative to unlock its full potential and accelerate its widespread adoption on a global scale