Without polymers, life would appear to be quite difficult. They constitute a very significant class of materials. They are present in everything we use daily, including rubber, plastic, glass, resins, paper, adhesives, and sticky tapes. Many components of living things, such as proteins, cellulose, and nucleic acids, are composed of polymers. Additionally, they are the building blocks of minerals including feldspar, quartz, and diamond. In this paper, we provide a literature survey on the polymerization process and its mechanisms, polymer structure, types of polymers, and conducting polymers. Polyaniline is unique among conducting polymers because of its low cost of monomers (aniline), observable electrical properties, good redox reversibility, high environmental stability, and ease of polymerization in the lab using chemical or electrochemical processes. The history of polyaniline development and its applications are briefly reviewed. Herein, Polyaniline was prepared via an oxidation synthesis using ammonium persulphate in an acid medium. The prepared polymer was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). In addition, we tested the conductivity of polyaniline by the formation electrical circuit using a small lamp.