A total of 900 samples of internal organs (liver, spleen, intestine from each bird) was aseptically collected from 300 diseased and apparently healthy Hubbard and Ross broiler chickens of different ages (2-4weeks) from different farms in El-Fayoum Governorate. The rate of isolation of Salmonella species from broilers of different ages was (5%), where 15 strains were isolated from 300 broilers. Salmonellae were isolated from diseased and apparently healthy broilers with an incidence of 9.7% and 0.6% respectively. The highest rate of salmonella isolation (6.9%) was recorded in liver of diseased broilers followed by 3.5% in intestine of diseased broilers and only (0.6%) in intestine of apparently healthy broilers, while salmonella species were not isolated from spleen of both apparently healthy and diseased broilers. S.Enteritidis was the most predominant isolate (53.3%), followed by S.Typhimurium (33.3%) and S.Infantis (13.3%). S.Enteritidis isolates showed complete resistance to cefotaxime, lincomycin and sulfo-methoxazole trimethoprim. S.Enteritidis showed sensitivity to ciprofloxacin with a rate of 50%.
A total of 70 chicks was used to evaluate the protective value of cynarin against S.Enteritidis. The mean of optical density (MOD) of serum antibodies IgG in groups treated with cynarin using indirect ELISA were observed.
It was concluded that none of the used antibiotics was 100 % effective; on the other hand, multidrug resistance patterns have been recorded among all isolates examined. Cynarin exhibits high antimicrobial activities against S.Enteritidis, and could be used to reduce the usage of antibiotics and its related side effect and highlights the importance of them as complementary tools but not substitutes of integral biosecurity programs against the infection in poultry flocks. Herbs effectiveness on humeral response needs more application on large scales.