The infrared technique was used to analyze 12 samples of soft wood from different locations found in Egypt. Samples were obtained from the sea face from the city of Alexandria in areas Qaitbay castle and the tombs of Kom Al- Shaqafa and the City of Rashid from Al-Manadili house and Azouz Bath, from the center of Egypt from the city of Cairo in areas Ahmed Ibn Tulun Mosque, Rifai Mosque and Mosque and school of Sultan Nasser Hassan and from Upper Egypt from the city of Qena in Al-Omri Mosque in Qus and the city of Esna in Al-Jaddawi Agency to identify the changes in different environments where the wood is generally affected by factors of damage in the surrounding environment, which exceed in pictures Many such as temperature, humidity, salts, air pollutants and microbiological damage represented by micro-organisms and insects. The wood in the desert environment differ from those found in the marine environment, where the high temperatures in the desert environment affect the wood, which leads to oxidation and high degree of acidity both affect the cellulose and lignin. The presence of moisture and salts in the marine environment also affect cellulose and lignin.