The Byzantine age in Egypt is considered one of the most impressive ages in Egyptian history; this importance is due to the radical changes both in economic and cultural life in Egypt. The present study endeavors to prove that these radical changes have some depth in Egyptian civilization. The system of education in Byzantine Egypt was meanly based upon several factors: Hellenic culture dominant from the Ptolemaic age; Christian culture as from the diffusion of Christianity of Egypt; the reforms made by the Byzantine emperor. There is no previous study concerning the history of education in Byzantine Egypt. There is an urgent need for a manifold study of the system of education in Byzantine Egypt, in order to fill the gap of the history of education in Egypt.