Due to the importance of courtyards in the educational buildings, which improve the climatic environment and its impact on students' learning and performance. Also, very few studies were conducted in the cold period of the academic year of university buildings. The research focuses on the study of the thermal performance of the indoor courtyards and the building spaces in the university buildings, and their effect on the thermal comfort of the students in the courtyard during the cold period of the academic year, which represents the measurement in (October, November, February). The research aims to study the effect of the indoor courtyards on the thermal performance of the building spaces during the cold period of the academic year, at the Faculty of Agriculture building in Sohag University (new campus). To achieve the objective of the study, the research depends on the analytical approach, field measurements and questionnaire. So that indoor and outdoor temperatures, relative humidity, and air speed for the courtyards and the building spaces was measured, and the number of 360 questionnaires in the "courtyard 2" were distributed during the cold period, which represents the measurement in (October, November, February). The results showed higher temperature values of "courtyard no. 2" than "courtyard no. 1" and "courtyard no. 3" during the cold period, and indoor temperatures of the building spaces were recorded in the range of temperatures acceptable during the cold period, and temperatures were lower than the temperatures for the space of exterior façade, the thermal sensation of the students in the "courtyard no. 2" ranged from "neutral" and "slightly hot". The study will be completed for the thermal performance of the courtyards and spaces in the hot period until the end of the academic year.