The ability of the isolated rhizobacterial strain F1 of Pseudomonas putida to promote bean growth and resistance against Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) was evaluated. Moreover, defense enzymes and the temporal expression profile of defense genes were assessed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in bean plants. Bean plants treated with P. putida exhibited increased shoot and root dry weight relative to the control plants under greenhouse conditions. Similarly, the yield and yield components were increased in rhizobacterial treated bean plants under field conditions. Plants inoculated with P. putida showed the best inhibition effect of BCMV under greenhouse and field conditions. BCMV titer was significantly reduced in P. putida inoculated plants. Treatment with P. putida recorded the highest values of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase enzymes after BCMV inoculation. The transcriptional profiles of PR1, PR2, PR3 and LOX genes were highly increased in P. putida treated plants. The obtained results in this study elucidate the potential of P. putida in controlling BCMV infection in bean plants as well as the involved mechanisms in disease resistance.