the study aimed at determining the level of environmental awareness of rural woman, and identifying knowledge level of plant genetic resources as a source to save agricultural natural resources, As well as the relationship between social and economic independent variables and total degrees of environmental awareness maintenance of agricultural natural resources, in addition, perception of their problems, identifying the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and challenges for maintenance agricultural natural resources. The research was conducted in Minya and Fayoum, Governorates based on a percentage of pollution for Nile water, air and soil, and these governorates located in the first rank based on these criteria. Accordingly, two districts were selected with two villages from each district, namely (sandfa, shalgam) villages from bane mazar district, Minya governorate, and (kalmsha, el sada) from Etsa district Fayoum governorate. Data were collected from sample of 194 rural women, using personal interview questionnaire, frequencies, percentages and simple correlation coefficient were used for data analyzing.The most important results of the analysis as follows; 1. The results showed that (40%) of respondents were found in the middle-Level category of the total degree of environmental awareness compared to 35% of respondents located in the low category. 2. There was a positive correlation between the following social-economic independent variables: current age, year's number of experience in agriculture, agricultural holding, number of agricultural operations involved and the total degree of environmental awareness maintenance of agricultural land ,while there were negative correlation between agricultural holding, number of agricultural operations involved, and the total degree of environmental awareness maintenance of water irrigation, while it appositive between age, average education of family members and the total degree of environmental awareness maintenance air. 3. The results showed that (61%) of respondents were found in the middle Level category of the knowledge about plant genetic resources. 4. The most important social and economic problems caused by depletion of agricultural natural resources low of productivity by (97%), suffering from poverty by (94%),and migration of young people by( 80%).