Egyptology witnessed a great interest from Europeans during the 19th and 20th centuries, they tried by all means to study all the aspects of ancient Egyptian monuments, and civilization, in this issue they choose Cairo as the place of the second international congress of archeology in 1909, actually this choice is considered a high departure concerning the general interest in Egypt, there were many papers introduced in the conference. It should be taken into consideration that no Egyptian presented scientific papers during the congress, despite its organization in Egypt. However, after the end of the congress, the state began to establish schools to teach Egyptology and create a generation of Egyptian Egyptologists. The article discusses the details of the conference and its importance for the history of Egyptology for the first time , through the original unpublished documents and a collection of Arab and foreign sources. The aim of this article is to show the impact of this well-managed organization in the history of Egyptology.