This study included in the first part the cultivation of two species of the mushroom, namely Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus sajour caju on agrowastes. P. ostreatus showed the highest productivity in media composed of 25% rice straw + 75% sugarcane bagasse. The mushroom yield reached 378 g fruiting bodies / kg waste. The species P. sajour caju showed the highest productivity in media composed of 50% rice straw + 50 % sugarcane bagasse. The yield reached 356 g mushroom / kg waste. The second part was the biological assessment has been to the best of the breed in terms of productivity on the rats. The obtained data revealed that significant decrease in the level of cholesterol with the ratio of 5% mushroom better than 10%, while, showed that significant decrease in the level of triglycerides with the ratio of 10% mushroom better than 5%. Therefore, results showed that significant decrease in the level of GPT and glucose blood with the ratio of 10% mushroom better than 5%. These results suggest the utilization of agricultural residues available in Egypt for the production of mushrooms, which reduces the pollution of the environment and assist in the production of vital high value protein.