The Mediterranean area witnesses civilized flourishing era. On its shores, old civilization appeared and conditions were appropriate for its growth. The architecture around Mediterranean coastal area narrates a successful human trial for the interaction between geographical environment, climatic conditions and environment surrounding the area. For this reason, the current study gives a descriptive analysis for such interaction, to prove the complementary relationship between man and environment, to focus on the actual relationship between Mediterranean civilizations in its architectural and cultural heritage and surrounding environment and how to deal with these similar and different environmental effects.
Here comes the importance of studying environmental and climatic effects on Mediterranean coastal cities for being the most important determinants for internal and external forms of the residential architectural environment. Also it depicts the concern about architectural and urban styles of residential areas for its impact on civilization aspects of the coastal countries and cities. While the problem of the architectural style of Mediterranean coastal cities in Egypt is that it is inappropriate for the environmental and climatic conditions, beside different imported designs that led to the loss of characterized architectural identity of these cities. The fact is that Mediterranean coastal cities of Egypt faced defects in defining its own architectural design styles. Therefore, the thesis aims to set basics and standards for defining the architecture and urban styles for the new architectural design in coastal cities, in a way appropriate to its natural, social and environmental effect and future development, in order to strengthen the local architectural value of these cities.