Succession planning considers one of the best world systems for developing leaderships. It is a credited system in most of the global huge companies through which sufficient time and resources are provided to connect companies' future to future leaderships. Concerning with human element considers one of the most important axes discussed and debated recently either in Arabic studies or in foreign studies. Succession planning  represents one of the remarkably important topics in field of concern in human element, it is a modern contemporary administrative concept that considers development of human resources as a concept for qualifying and training individuals for the purpose of developing human factor for achieving sustainable development in order to prepare the second line of human resources. This research objective is to identify the concept of succession planning and its extent of impact on development of human resources factor for achieving sustainable development. The research hypotheses demonstrate a impact exists between succession planning and sustainable development. The research objective is to identify the concept of succession planning, its significance, and relation with some other concepts; identifying as well the concept and targets of sustainable development. The study uses the descriptive (qualitative)-analytical method for forming the research's theoretical framework. Data are collected through an investigation form as a main tool consisting of (200) employees in Ministry of International Cooperation. Results indicate a significant impact of succession planning at (0.05) significance level on human resources development. There is also an impact of developing human resources on sustainability of economic institutions. There is a significant impact at (0.05) between succession planning and sustainability of economic institutions. Researchers recommend applying the succession planning plan in every institution of the state, that would be supported by a decree of the competent authority and that succession planning will be indispensable part of the strategic plan of the human resources management