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Celiac Disease and Adherence to Gluten Free Diet; an Outpatient View

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Last updated: 22 Jan 2023

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Abstract

Celiac disease (CD) seems to be a considerable health disorder in Egypt. However, no full data on patients' current situation concerning main presentation, tools commonly used for diagnosis, extent of adherence to gluten free diet (GFD), and long-term monitoring plan. This study was undertaken to investigate these important management issues. Design: A convenient sample of 72records was selected for those who were referred to the outpatient clinic of National Nutrition Institute (NNI) for prescribing a gluten-free diet for them and attended nutrition education sessions at NNI.Data was collected to evaluate patients' current situation concerning main presenting manifestations, tools commonly used for diagnosis, and extent of adherence to gluten free diet. Results: 72.0% of cases were mainly in infancy and childhood age and number of referred girls/females was nearly double that of boys/males. Vomiting/diarrhea represented main manifestations (63.0%) and weight loss/failure to thrive was the next common (31.0%). Anemia was also common (25.0%). Anti-tissue transglutaminase IgA (anti-tTG) IgA (46.0%) and endoscopy (40.0%) were the main investigating tools.Duodenal biopsy was takenin 22.0% out of these 40.0% and villous lesion of various degrees was reported in only 22.0% out of these 40.0%. Quantitative assessment of Gluten Free Diet (GFD) adequacy showed multiple micronutrients' insufficiency. Consumption of apparent and hidden gluten sources was dramatically decreased following the nutrition education and training sessions. The shortage in availability of gluten-free products and their high cost were among main obstacles. Conclusion and Recommendations: The only treatment for celiac disease, at present, is a strict gluten-free diet for life. There is an urgent need to increase awareness among primary health care physicians and pediatricians about the wide diversity of clinical manifestations and the role of serological testing in the diagnosis of celiac disease.Governmental support for providing GF products is mandatory for proper GF adherence and for improving nutrients' adequacy.

DOI

10.21608/bnni.2017.6721

Keywords

CDpresentation CDscreening gluten-restricted diet

Authors

First Name

Dina

Last Name

IS

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Affiliation

Clinical Nutrition Department, National Nutrition Institute (NNI), Cairo, Egypt

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City

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Orcid

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First Name

Safaa

Last Name

T

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Affiliation

Clinical Nutrition Department, National Nutrition Institute (NNI), Cairo, Egypt

Email

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City

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Orcid

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First Name

Heba

Last Name

SA

MiddleName

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Affiliation

Clinical Nutrition Department, National Nutrition Institute (NNI), Cairo, Egypt

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Volume

50

Article Issue

1

Related Issue

1266

Issue Date

2017-12-01

Receive Date

2018-05-03

Publish Date

2017-12-01

Page Start

1

Page End

20

Print ISSN

1110-0974

Online ISSN

2537-0987

Link

https://bnni.journals.ekb.eg/article_6721.html

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https://bnni.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=6721

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Original Article

Type Code

442

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Bulletin of the National Nutrition Institute of the Arab Republic of Egypt

Publication Link

https://bnni.journals.ekb.eg/

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Article

Created At

22 Jan 2023