Aim of our study was to detect changes in renal blood flow velocity in asphyxiated neonates using Doppler ultrasonography and to assess its value and accuracy in early detection of renal dysfunction in such cases. RBF velocity was evaluated in 26 asphyxiated neonates of a gestational age of 37 weeks and were compared to our findings in 20 healthy neonates matched for gestational age and birth weight. Doppler ultrasound was performed on the 1st and 3rd days of life and signals were obtained form upper, middle and lower interlobar arteries of both kidneys. Ten out of the 26 asphyxiated neonates (38.46%) showed renal affection (in the form of oliguria and / or acute renal failure). Our results showed a statistically significant increase in mean RI among asphyxiated babies compared to controls on 1st and 3rd days of life (P-value <0.05 for both days). The mean RI was also significantly increased among asphyxiated newborns with no renal involvement (Group 1) and those with renal involvement (Group 2) compared to controls on 1st and 3rd days of life. The difference in mean RI between group 1 and 2 was also statistically significant on the 1st and 3rd days of life. In conclusion being a safe, easy and noninvasive technique,renal Doppler US can be used for early detection of renal dysfunction in asphyxiated neonates. It can be of diagnostic and prognostic values.