Aim: The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare treatments of edentulous mandible with overdentures retained by single or two implants one year after loadingMaterials and methods: twenty-eight edentulous subjects were eligible for inclusion. Using a random sampling system, single or two implants were placed in the mandible. After three months, Locator attachments were connected to the implants, and the denture delivered with the retentive components incorporated in the denture base. At the follow-up examinations,bone height and density were measured using digital panorama Results: The sample of twenty-eight patients (18 Male, 12 Female), with a mean age of 58.2 years were included in this study. A total of 42 implants were placed (14 in single implant-group and 28 in two-implant group). All patients attended the 12-month follow-up.Two implants overdenture suffer more peri implant bone loss than the single implant overdenture at the follow up intervals. Two-implant prosthesis showed less increase in bone density compared to the single implant at the follow up interval.Conclusion: Single implant mandibular overdentures may be suggested as an alternative treatment modality for rehabilitation of edentulous patients who cannot afford the cost of two implants overdenture.