This essay discussed the complications of thyroid surgery and their management which include mainly; Thyroid storm which is a clinical manifestations of extreme hyperthyroid state and may occur intraoperative or early postoperative. Recurrent laryngeal nerve injury results in paralysis of the vocal cords and presented with stridor, shortness of breath. Hypoparathyroidism due to inadvertent removal of parathyroid glands, also bleeding, infection and corneal abrasions in patient with exophthalmos may complicate thyroid surgery.