Background: HGF is a heterodimer composed of an alpha-chain subunit (69 kDa) and a beta-chain subunit (34 kDa), which are linked by a disulfide bond. Although HGF was initially identified as a potent mitogen for hepatocytes, considerable evidence indicates that intracellular signaling pathways driven by HGF-c-Met receptor coupling leads to multiple biological responses in a variety of cells, including mitogenic, motogenic, morphogenic, and antiapoptotic activities.Aim of the work: This study tries to evaluate the role of serum HGF as a non invasive biomarker in diagnosis of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Subjects and Methods: AFP and HGF were measured in 20 healthy control, 30 cirrhotic patients on top of HCV infection, 30 HCC patients on top of HCV infection and cirrhosis. Serum AFP was assayed by electro-chemiluminescence technique and serum HGF was assayed by the quantitative sandwich ELISA technique.Results: HGF were highly significantly elevated in the HCC and cirrhotic groups (median=3709(2574.5-5128.75) pg/ml), (median=2843.5(2119-3721) pg/ml) respectively than that of the control group (median =913(770.7-1166.5) pg/ml) with (p=0.000) for both, and was elevated in the HCC group when compared to the cirrhotic group without reaching a statistically significant level . AFP levels were highly significantly elevated in the HCC group [median=128.5(81.75-239.5) ng/ml] than that of both the cirrhotic group [median=4.9(3.65-8.55) ng/ml)] and the control group [median=3.15(1.97-4.55) ng/ml)] (p=0.000) for both. The AFP levels of the cirrhotic group were higher than that of the control group but this difference did not reach a statistically significant level . We found a positive significant correlation between HGF and AFP for all studied subjects (r=0.561, p=0.000) . The sensitivity and specificity of HGF for the HCC group over the non-HCC group were 93.3% and 46%, respectively, at a cut-off value of 1451 pg/mL and AUC was 0.787, and that of AFP were 100% and 92%, respectively, at a cut-off value of 10 ng/mL and AUC was 0.999. The sensitivity and specificity of both parameters together were 100% and 66%, respectively, at the same cut-off values. The Odds ratio of HGF was 11.926 and 95% CI (2.56 - 55.55).Conclusion: Serum HGF has the potential to be a novel complementary biomarker for assessment of the risk of the HCC development in the cirrhotic patients.