Background and Objectives: The scales of some scalp disorders wereexamined by scanning electron microscope (SEM), and transmissionelectron microscope (TEM) with the purpose of revealing importance ofstratum cornuem in the diagnosis of these disorders and studying possiblecorrelation between morphological data and pathologic hypotheses in thedermatoses of the scalp. Patients and methods: 20 patients with variousscaly scalp disorders are selected. From each patient, a skin surfacebiopsy for (SEM), and a punch skin biopsy for (TEM) were taken. Theyincluded 6 patients with psoriasis, 5 patients with seborrheic dermatitis(SD), 2 patients with dandruff, 2 patients with pityriasis amiantacea (PA),2 patients with pityriasis rubra pilaris (PRP) and 2 patients with scalytinea capitis. Results: SEM revealed specific surface patterns (print) ofdiseased cells which were: "hexagonal" in psoriasis, "heart-shaped" inSD, "polyhedral" in dandruff and PA, "rock-like" in PRP and fungalcolonies obscuring the external morphological features in scaly tineacapitis. TEM revealed presence of remnants of nuclei and lipid droplets inall scaly scalp dermatoses. The characteristic findings for each disorderwere: in psoriasis "retained intacellular lamellar bodies", in SD &dandruff "numerous lipid inclusions, intercellular lipids and wideintercellular space ", in PA "wide corneal separation with finger-likeprojections", in PRP "almost normal intercellular space" and in scalytinea capitis "normal stratum corneum structure with massive fungalspores infiltration". Conclusion: Specific SEM and TEM findings foreach scaly scalp disorder reflect the importance of the alteration ofstratum corneum in hypotheses of these diseases and that there is adifferent underlying pathologic process of every disease.