•Flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy is the most valuable single tool available for the anaesthesiologist to manage the difficult airway. Flexible fibreoptic bronchoscopy is used in anaesthesie in:•management of difficult tracheal intubations, evaluation of the upper airway •Verification of endotracheal tube placement•Repositioning or checking patency of endotracheal tubes•Changing endotracheal tubes•Placement of double lumen tubes and placement of endobronchial blockers. Flexible fibreoptic bronchoscopy (FFB) has become an indispensable tool in the optimal management of intensive care unit (ICU) patients with both diagnostic and therapeutic goals. Its safety and usefulness, in well trained hands with appropriate precautions, have led to its increasing use even in unstable and mechanically ventilated patients.