The rate of CS had risen in the past 25 years where CS may be claimed as a cause of secondary infertility. This study included 60 patients investigated to evaluate predisposing factors of infertility after CS as compared to secondary infertility after normal vaginal delivery, and to assess the possible causes and percentage of adhesions following primary CS. It was concluded that prevention of adhesion following CS must be undertaken routinely in modern obstetric surgery. Prophylactic antibiotic should be used as routine in cases of PROM before delivery, also CS can not be claimed as a direct cause of infertility and tubal pathology, where a pre-existing hidden cause of infertility may appear after a triggering factor like infection following cesarean or vaginal delivery.