Urothelial tumours represent about 26.4% of tumours in Egypt (Mokhtar, 1998). Urine cytology is a simple non-invasive way for diagnosis and follow up but its sensitivity is less than 75%. Agarcyto cell block technique and electron microscopy were applied to improve the quality of diagnosis. The material used were urine samples of 30 cases of bladder carcinoma and 15 cases of cystitis to be processed and examined by conventional urine cytology and Agarcyto, then 10 cases of bladder neoplasms and 10 cases of bladder cystitis were examined by electron microscopy. The study showed that electron microscopy and Agarcyto improve the sensitivity of diagnosis up to 100% and 90% respectively.