Complications of phacoemulsification may be intraoperative or postoperative. In this essay we discuss intraoperative complications thoroughly and explain the methods of avoidance and proper management of these complications. The use of phacoemulsification has increased steadily over the past several years. The technique offers rapid visual rehabilitation, less induced astigmatism a low incidence of traumatic wound rupture, and less postoperative inflammation. Phacoemulsification has become the standard cataract surgery technique; it has many advantages compared with ECCE. However the procedure is technically difficult with a long learning curve. As many surgeons learn or convert to this technique, increased surgical complications such as vitreous loss, posterior capsular tears, lens matter dislocation into the vitreous, zonulysis, endothelial cell trauma, wound leak, cystoid macular oedema and retinal detachment are expected.Accordingly, the intaoperative complications of phacoemulsification are serious and may occur at different stages. So careful surgery and proper management of any complication must be studied well and cautiously kept in mind.