This study was carried out in five-small to medium-sized Egyptian tanneries to assess the health hazards among tannery workers through monitoring the level of chromium and MDA (malondialdehyde) in blood and urine, clinical assessment and other laboratory investigations. It revealed increased prevalence of rhinitis, chronic bronchitis and asthmatic attacks, contact dermatitis, fungal infections and low back pain among tannery workers compared to the control group. The levels of chromium and MDA in blood and urine, as well as iron and transferrin in blood and iron in urine were significantly higher in exposed tannery workers.