Proliferative vitreoretinopathy is the most common cause of failureafter retinal reattachment. I briefly reviewed the different classifications of PVR, diagnosis of PVR, the pathology and pathogenesis of PVR, different preoperative, intraoperative risk factors and different drugs reported in literature used for pharmacological prevention of PVR.In our study we evaluated the adjunctive 5-FU and LMWHintraoperatively on infusion fluid during vitrectomy procedure to prevent secondary PVR for cases at high risk.We operated on 40 patients (20 adjuvant treatment group A and 20control group B). We had a final attachment rate of 85 % in group A and 70 % in group B. which is comparable to results reported in literature.Adjuvant 5-FU and LMWH during vitrectomy proved safe andeffective in cases with higher grades of PVR, hypotony, and traumatic PVR cases. Further studies on a larger scale of patients, using one variate for each study are needed.