Lupus nephritis is a severe complication of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) disease. It is probably present to some degree in all children with SLE and it is a major determinant of the long-term outcome of this disease. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of anti-ribosomal P antibodies in patients with SLE nephritis and to determine their relationship to disease activity. It was found that anti-ribosomal P antibodies are significantly elevated in SLE patients with nephritis cases and to a very minor extent in SLE without nephritis. These antibodies were not found in non- SLE individuals (the control group).