Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant neoplasms in Egypt. Adenomatous polyps and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are considered the commonest pre-malignant lesions for CRC. A possible protective effect for estrogens on CRC risk has been suggested by numerous epidemiological and experimental studies. Aim of work: to assess the expression of estrogen receptors (alpha and beta) in pre-malignant & malignant colorectal lesions.Patients and methods: The 45 patients studied were divided into 4groups; CRC group (15patients), IBD group (10patients), adenomatous polyps group (10 patients) and control group (10 patients). Endoscopic guided biopsy was done from the colonic lesions the nearby normal colonic mucosa (in the first three groups) and from the control group. Estrogen receptors (alpha and beta) expression in the biopsies has been assessed by immunohistochemical staining and RT-PCR.