Systemic inflammatory mechanisms have been linked to the pathogenesis of dementia as well as the prevalence and incidence of disability in older individuals. We studied the role of inflammatory and coagulatory markers in the pathogenesis and progression of Vascular Cognitive Impairment (VCI) as well as Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) to assess if such markers are capable to predict the development of cognitive impairment. All patients were assessed using clinical evaluation, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain, serum as well as intrathecal level of Interleukin (IL) 1Beta, 6, 16 and serum Fibrin degradation product (FDP). We found statistically significant difference in VCI and MCI for serum IL-16 as well as intrathecal IL-16 and IL-6 in relation to control group , however intarthecal IL-6 was specifically high in MCI. We concluded from our study that inflammatory mediators and cytokines that can be significantly used as predictors for cognitive impairment are serum IL-16 as a predictor for both VCI and MCI and Intrathecal IL-6 and IL16 for VCI and MCI, however intrathecal IL-6 specifically is a predictor that can be detected early in the disease process of cognitive decline and it can possibly aid in diagnosing MCI.