Fluorescence bronchoscopy represents one of several initiatives in this field for detection of early lung cancer. Fluorescence is a tissue property that can help distinguish between normal and malignant or preneoplastic areas. By exploiting difference in the fluorescence properties of normal and abnormal bronchial mucosa, it has become possible to detect preinvasive lesions and early microinvasive carcinomas involving the large airways which would otherwise have gone undetected by conventional white light bronchoscopy.In conventional bronchoscopy detection and localization of dysplasia and carcinoma in situ have been limited to roughly 30% of the total number believed to be present.Detection of the tumour at an earlier stage leads to an improved progress. Patient presenting with stage Ia - non small cell lung cancer and undergoing surgical resection having a 5 year survival of around 60%, compared with 5 year survival rate of lung cancer only 10-15% at advanced stages.