Certain chemotherapy drugs may cause direct damage to specific cells of a given organ or cause indirect damage by the effects of cellular breakdown by-products. In general, organ toxicities are predictable based on the cumulative dose, the presence of concomitant organ dysfunction, the age of the patient and the manner in which the drug is given. Of interest is the fact that the toxicity profile may be changing as a result of the more widespread use of dose-intensive regimens, multimodality treatment, chemoprotectants, and colony stimulating factors (CSFs). These approaches to managing the disease are likely to result in more organ toxicities as myelosuppression becomes less prominent. Each of the major organ toxicities are discussed.