Atherosclerosis is the main cause of death and cardiovascular (CV)complications in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). A possible explanationis that decreased renal function may be associated with other nontraditionalrisk factors, and genetic factors. This study involved 40 endstage renal disease patients and 30 age- and sex- matched healthy controlsubjects. All were subjected to Full history taking, full clinicalexamination, kidney functions & genotyping of the "Leu 554 Phe"polymorphism in the E-selectin gene, Doppler examination of the carotidartery (for the patient group only).The CT (heterozygous) genotype is the more prevalent genotype inour small studied groups and the presence of the T allele might not carrythe risk of atherosclerosis in ESRD patients.