Premature ovarian failure is a syndrome consisting of primary or secondary amenorrhoea, hypergonadotropinaemia and hypoestrogenaemia in women under the age of 40. Premature ovarian failure (POF) is defined as gonadal failure before the age of 40 years. Initially, it was thought to be permanent, but it is now believed that spontaneous remissions and even pregnancies are possible in affected women. Premature ovarian failure occurs in 1% of all women, and in 0.1% of women under the age of 30 years. Its causes are heterogenous and multi causal involving genetic, chromosomal, enzymetic, infectious and iatrogenic causes. The hormonal replacement therapy is still the cornerstone of treatment.