Chronic liver diseases are one of the most important morbidity problem in Egypt. The most important causes for chronicity are schistosomiasis, and chronic hepatitis C and B. This study was conducted at outpatient clinic of Tropical Medicine, Cairo University. It included two parts: Part 1: case- control part to highlight the epidemiology of CLDs which was conducted over 400 cases and 400 controls. Part 2: Clinical intervention trial to assess the effectiveness of dietary counseling in controlling ascites, It was conducted over 50 patients (intervention group) and other 50 controls who were not subjected to dietary counseling. The most important recorded diagnoses were: liver cirrhosis(67.0%), chronic viral hepatitis (12.7%), combined cirrhosis and schistosomal hepatic fibrosis(9.8%), and focal lesion (1.5%). The significant risk factors detected were residence, family size, working as farmers, source of water supply, history of previous schistosomiasis, history of anti-schistosomal parentral therapy, previous blood transfusion, alcohol intake, previous hospital admission, previous dental manipulation, or undergoing surgical procedures. The nutritional sequences of CLDs included significantly lower SFT in cases than in controls(15.5±6.2 vs.17.3±8.2 millimeter respectively). The intervention group showed significant improvement in their degree of ascites over the follow up period and significant improvement in lower limb edema (82% in the 1st visit to 68.3% in the last visit). Waist circumference decreased significantly from 102.5 ±13.4 cm in the 1st visit to 95.9 ±15.3 cm in the last visit.