Bacterial cholangitis is a clinical syndrome caused by regurgitation of infected bile into the circulation. It is a consequence of impaired bile flow and bacterial colonization, usually defined by fever and positive culture of the bile. It is considered a potentially life threatening disease that must be predicted by risk factors of bile infection, expeditiously diagnosed and adequately treated. Obstruction without the presence of bacteria is insufficient to cause cholangitis. bacteria may enter the biliary tree through various routes. Bile culture in patients with biliary obstruction and cholangitis provide valuable information that is useful in planning antibiotic treatment. Most patients with cholangitis need to be hospitalized because any case of cholangitis can progress to shock and be fatal if neglected.