Background: Surgical treatment of concomitant coronary and carotid disease if controversial. Studies comparing staged versus combined coronary artery bypass grafting and carotid endarterectomy (CABG/CEA) report varying and often conflicting operative results. Also, few studies have investigated the long term outcomes of combined surgery. Objectives: To compare the results of different studies in order to find out the preferred surgical management (staged versus concomitant) for simultaneous carotid and coronary diseases. Conclusion: Concomitant carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) can be performed with acceptable low operative risk and good long term freedom from coronary and neurological events. Advances in perioperative management of the patients undergoing concomitant CABG/CEA have encountered great improvement in the outcome. An economic benefit of CABG/CEA may also be inferred from avoiding separate coronary and carotid operations and reduction in the high costs of perioperative stroke.