The main objectives of modern antenatal care programs are to identify high risk pregnancies then to predict any possibility of adverse pregnancy outcome as early as possible. The earliest attempts to achieve this goal were possible with the introduction of ultrasound in obstetrical practice in the 1950s. The second trimester placental volume, placental location and uterine artery Doppler indices measured sonographically are able to predict pregnancy associated complications including pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH), intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and oligohydramnios.