Male infertility accounts for 46% of couple infertility. Examination of scrotal contents may reveal pathological conditions affecting fertility. Poor accuracy of palpation has been reported. Therefore, color duplex ultrasonography cam be used as alternative to palpation. The aim of the study is to evaluate the role of color duplex in diagnosing infertile men. In this study, 70 infertile men were examined clinically and results are compared with color duplex examination. We conclude that clinical examination of scrotal contents is not precise enough for detecting interascrotal abnormalities affecting fertility like cysts, hydrocele, hematoma, spermatocele, infarction, udescended testis and color duplex is an accurate alternative. Also, it is used to detect subcilinical varicocele, before varicocele ligation and to spot early post- operative recurrence of varicocele.