Hydrocephalus is an imbalance of CSF formation and absorption of sufficient magnitude to produce a net accumulation of fluid within the cerebral ventricles. One of the most accepted treatment modalities for hydrocephalus is the insertion of a shunt device to drain the CSF. Postoperative complications of shunt operations in children were discussed in this study. One hundred cases of hydrocephalus were operated upon by shunt insertion and presented by any type of complications to the Cairo University Pediatric Hospital. Results revealed that 40% of cases were below the age of 2 years old, 17% of cases had infection and collection around the shunt tubing or sloughed skin over the shunt device. Overdrainage and subdural collections were evacuated in 6% of cases. The period between the first shunt operation and presentation with complications was less than 6 months (34% of cases) and less than one year (49% of cases). Although the percentage of complications was not so high (13.6%), still their occurrence may affect greatly the patient as regards mental development and physical growth, which may end with a mentally retarded child or, at least, a subnormal child. On the contrary, if complications are minimized to the least possible, the child can lead a nearly normal life with good schooling and normal intelligence.