The successful treatment of chondral and osteochondral defects ofthe weight-bearing Surfaces is a challenge for orthopaedic surgeons.Numerous therapeutic techniques have been developed for thetreatment of articular cartilage defects. The most effective techniques used are: osteochondral autografts, osteochondral allografts, autologous chondrocyte implantation. The used method varies according to size, site and depth of the defect.Each method of treatment has its indications, contraindications,advantages, and disadvantages.In chondrocyte implantation, cartilage cells are taken from theinjured knee and cloned in the laboratory. They are then reimplanted back into the joint to regrow cartilage on the damaged surface. It is the only treatment option approved by the Federal Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the USA for symptomatic, full thickness chondral lesions.Several thousand patients have been treated worldwide withchondrocyte implantation. Current results indicate that patients can expect a 90% chance of successful treatment for isolated articular cartilage injuries of the femur.