Background Depression is the most frequently occurring psychiatric condition among women of childbearing age. Postnatal depression (PND) is estimated to affect approximately5–13% of women within the first year after the birth of a child with the greatest risk occurring in the first five weeks after the birth.Objective:-The objectives of this study is to determine the prevalence of postpartum depression and factors associated with this depression among women attending primary health care unit of AL Darassa.Methods:-This is a cross sectional study carried out on 100 postpartum females attending the primary health care of AL Darrasa at Cairo city using (EPSD). ResultsIt was found that at 7th day postpartum 63%of studied females were depressed and 37% were not depressed while at 21st day postpartum 52% of them were still depressed and 48% were not depressed. It was found that having female baby increases the risk of postpartum depression both on the 7th day and on the 21st day postpartum. It was also found that being educated increase the liability to get depressed.Conclusion PPD is more common than many clinicians realize affecting not only the mother but also the whole family. Having female baby and education is considering risk factors for PPD.We recommended using the post partum depression questionnaire routinely in all centers which offer services to the mothers either in the primary health care units or obstetrics clinic