End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a major health problem leads to decline in exercise capacity as a result of the disease itself and/or associated sequelae. Twenty male workers with ESRD on maintenance hemodialysis were subjected to cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) before and after hemodialysis.The study showed that there was decreased exercise capacity of the studied group as measured by maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) & anaerobic threshold (AT), before and after hemodialysis with significant improvement after dialysis. There was significant positive correlation between VO2max & hemoglobin concentration, while it correlated inversely with serum creatinine and blood urea & this correlation was significant. In conclusion, we can improve the exercise capacity of workers of ESRD by correction of anaemia, adequate dialysis, and exercise training by implementation of proper rehabilitation program.