Hyperbilirubinemia continues to be a common problem of term and near neonates. Oxygen free radicals can denaturate proteins, DNA and initiate lipid peroxidation. Antioxidants act as a defence system against oxidative stress. To investigate the possible effect of the various phototherapy light wavelengths as apoptosis and oxidative stress inducers, our study was made to correlate apoptosis in circulating lymphocytes the serum superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in 37 neonates (cases and control) Neonates with illnesses that may induce oxidative stress were excluded. Our results showed that there were no change of serum antioxidant enzymes, there were increased level of apoptosis and malondialdehyde after exposure to phototherapy specially with the blue light