Reviewing literature, there is a number of limited studies that addressed enteral iron supplementation in treatment of anemia of prematurity. Thus, the present study was designed to evaluate the effect of Iron supplementation at 2 weeks of age on serum iron, ferritin and various hematological parameters in very low birth weight (VLBW) preterm babies. It was conducted at neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) of Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Cairo University, and Dameitta General hospital during the period from November 2011- till November 2012. It included 30 newborns, very low birth weight (VLBW) preterm infants (birth weight ≤1500 g, <37 weeks gestation) and they were divided randomly into 2 equal groups: Group I: It included 15 VLBW preterm babies who received enteral iron supplementation at dose of 3mg/kg/day once reaching 90 K calories/ kg/d enterally but not before day 14 of life. Group II: It included 15 VLBW preterm babies with similar gestational age & clinical conditions, who not supplemented with iron and were considered as control group.